Abstract
Aim: To examine and understand the responses to qualitative variables provided by nurses and midwives following the application of the BARRIERS scale in the Canary Islands context in order to identify and group categories for analysis.
Methods: Analysis of qualitative variables to complement the application of BARRIERS in canarian nurses and midwives (August-December 2022) with a mixed, cross-sectional descriptive and phenomenological approach. Descriptive analysis of the verbatims to quantify perceived barriers and facilitators. Subsequently, thematic analysis to identify codes and categories through open coding and grouping into thematic areas after approval by the ethics committee.
Results: Total of 512 professionals (nurses n=446; 87.1%; midwives n=66; 12.9%). The main barriers were lack of time (n=52; 10.2%), lack of education (n=40; 7.8%) and workload (n=13; 2.6%). Enablers were education (n=50; 5%), availability of time for research (n=50; 5%), motivation (n=22; 2.2%) and management support (n=21; 2.1%). The identified categories of analysis were grouped into weaknesses (nursing environment, research support from health administration and nursing profession) and threats (health administration and nursing profession).
Conclusions: The qualitative BARRIERS analysis in the Canary Islands provides detailed information and insight into the perception of barriers to research in the Canary Islands context, valuable for designing strategies to implement and overcome obstacles. Structuring these barriers into weaknesses and threats provides contextualized information on the categories of analysis that have a negative effect on research for nurses and midwives in the Canary Islands.
References
Funk SG, Champagne MT, Wiese RA, Tornquist EM. Barriers: The barriers to research utilization scale. Applied Nursing Research. 1991;4(1):39–45.
Jabonete FG V, Roxas REO. Barriers to Research Utilization in Nursing: A Systematic Review (2002–2021). SAGE Open Nurs. 2022;8:237796082210910.
Kajermo KN, Boström AM, Thompson DS, Hutchinson AM, Estabrooks CA, Wallin L. The BARRIERS scale - the barriers to research utilization scale: A systematic review. Implement Sci. 2010; 5:32. https://doi.org/:10.1186/1748-5908-5-32.
Moreno-Casbas T, Fuentelsaz-Gallego C, de Miguel ÁG, González-María E, Clarke SP. Spanish nurses’ attitudes towards research and perceived barriers and facilitators of research utilisation: a comparative survey of nurses with and without experience as principal investigators. J Clin Nurs. 2011;20(13–14):1936–47.
Moreno-Casbas T, Fuentelsaz-Gallego C, González-María E, Gil de Miguel Á. Barreras para la utilización de la investigación. Estudio descriptivo en profesionales de enfermería de la práctica clínica y en investigadores activos. Enferm Clin. 2010;20(3):153–64.
Sarabia-Cobo CM, Sarabia-Cobo AB, Pérez V, Hermosilla C, Nuñez MJ, de Lorena P. Barriers in implementing research among registered nurses working in the care of the elderly: a multicenter study in Spain. Applied Nursing Research. 2015;28(4):352–5.
Cidoncha-Moreno MÁ, Ruíz de Alegría-Fernandez de Retana B. Percepción de barreras para la utilización de la investigación en enfermeras de Osakidetza. Enferm Clin. 2017;27(5):286–93.
Llauradó-Serra M, Güell-Baró R, Castanera-Duro A, Sandalinas I, Argilaga E, Fortes-Del Valle ML, Jiménez-Herrera MF, Bordonado-Pérez L, Fuentes-Pumarola C; en nombre del Grupo de Trabajo Recerca en Cures Infermeres al pacient crític (INFERCRITICS) de la Societat Catalana de Medicina Intensiva i Crítica. Barreras y motivaciones de los profesionales de enfermería para la utilización de la investigación en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos y en el Servicio de Emergencias Médicas [Barriers and motivations of nurses for conducting research in Intensive Care Units and Emergency Medical Service]. Enferm Intensiva. 2016;27(4):146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.enfi.2016.05.001.
Guadarrama Ortega D. Barreras para la utilización de la investigación. Estudio descriptivo en profesionales de Enfermería en un hospital del sudoeste de Madrid. Enfermería Global. 2016;15(3):261.
González-de la Torre H, Díaz-Pérez D, Pinto-Plasencia RJ, Reyero-Ortega B, Hernández-González E, Domínguez-Trujillo C. Attitudes, capacities and perceived barriers in research of nurses of the Canary Health Service. Enfermería Clínica (English Edition). 2023 ;33(4):278–91.
Errasti-Ibarrondo B, Jordán JA, Díez-Del-Corral MP, Arantzamendi M. Conducting phenomenological research: Rationalizing the methods and rigour of the phenomenology of practice. J Adv Nurs. 2018;74(7):1723–34.
van Manen M. Phenomenology and Meaning Attribution. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology. 2017;17(1):1–12.
Mendieta-Izquierdo G, Ramírez-Rodríguez JC, Fuerte JA. La fenomenología desde la perspectiva hermenéutica de Heidegger: una propuesta metodológica para la salud pública. Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública. 2015;33(3):435-443. Doi: 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v33n3a14
Bover A. Herramientas de reflexividad y posicionalidad para promover la coherencia teórico-metodológica al inicio de una investigación cualitativa. Enferm Clin. 2013;23(1):33–7.
Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of Qualitative Research. Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. 4th ed. USA: Sage Publications Inc.; 2015.
González-García A, Díez-Fernández A, Martín-Espinosa N, Pozuelo-Carrascosa DP, Mirón-González R, Solera-Martínez M. Barriers and Facilitators Perceived by Spanish Experts Concerning Nursing Research: A Delphi Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9):3224.
Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 2007;19(6):349–57.
Schwandt TA, Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Judging interpretations: But is it rigorous? trustworthiness and authenticity in naturalistic evaluation. New Dir Eval. 2007;2007(114):11–25.
Wang LP, Jiang XL, Wang L, Wang GR, Bai YJ. Barriers to and facilitators of research utilization: a survey of registered nurses in China. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e81908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081908.
Hweidi IM, Tawalbeh LI, Al-Hassan MA, Alayadeh RM, Al-Smadi AM. Research Use of Nurses Working in the Critical Care Units: Barriers and Facilitators. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2017;36(4):226-233. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000255.
Chen Q, Sun M, Tang S, Castro AR. Research capacity in nursing: a concept analysis based on a scoping review. BMJ Open. 2019 Nov 21;9(11):e032356. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032356.
Morales Asencio JM, Hueso Montoro C, de Pedro-Gómez JE, Bennasar-Veny M. 1977-2017: Nursing research in Spain after 40 years in the University. Enferm Clin. 2017;27(5):314-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2017.08.003.
Tíscar-González V, Blanco-Blanco J, Orruño-Aguado E, Moreno-Casbas T. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for nursing research in the Basque Country. Enferm Clin (Engl Ed).2022: S2445-1479(22)00121-7. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.enfcle.2022.10.003.
Yoo JY, Kim JH, Kim JS, Kim HL, Ki JS. Clinical nurses' beliefs, knowledge, organizational readiness and level of implementation of evidence-based practice: The first step to creating an evidence-based practice culture. PLoS One. 2019;14(12):e0226742. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.
Berthelsen C, Hølge-Hazelton B. The Importance of Context and Organization Culture in the Understanding of Nurses' Barriers Against Research Utilization: A Systematic Review. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2021;18(2):111-117. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12488.
Cook DA, Artino AR Jr. Motivation to learn: an overview of contemporary theories. Med Educ. 2016;50(10):997-1014. doi: 10.1111/medu.13074.
Widad A, Abdellah G. Strategies Used to Teach Soft Skills in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Scoping Review. J Prof Nurs. 2022; 42:209-218. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.07.010.
Beks H, Walsh SM, Binder MJ, Jones M, Versace VL. Contribution of nurse leaders to rural and remote health research in Australia: A non-systematic scoping review. Collegian. 2021;28(6):652–84.
Weaver K, Olson JK. Understanding paradigms used for nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 2006;53(4):459-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03740.x.
Edwards N, Webber J, Mill J, Kahwa E, Roelofs S. Building capacity for nurse-led research. Int Nurs Rev. 2009;56(1):88-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00683.x.
Drubin DG, Kellogg DR. English as the universal language of science: opportunities and challenges. Mol Biol Cell. 2012;23(8):1399. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E12-02-0108.
Ramírez-Castañeda V. Disadvantages in preparing and publishing scientific papers caused by the dominance of the English language in science: The case of Colombian researchers in biological sciences. PLoS One. 2020;15(9):e0238372. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238372.
Duracinsky M, Lalanne C, Rous L, Dara AF, Baudoin L, Pellet C, Descamps A, Péretz F, Chassany O. Barriers to publishing in biomedical journals perceived by a sample of French researchers: results of the DIAzePAM study. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2017;17(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s12874-017-0371-z.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 RqR Quantitative and Qualitative Community Nursing Research